Adelheid of Vohburg (1122–1190) was the first Queen consort of Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor.
Adelheid was a daughter of Diepold III, Margrave of Vohburg (d. 1146) and either his first wife, Adelajda of Poland, or his second wife Kunigunde of Beichlingen.
Her paternal grandparents were Diepold II, Count of Cham (d. 1078) and Liutgarde of Zähringen. Diepold II was also Margrave of Nordgau. Her maternal grandparents were either Wladislaw I Hermann, Prince of Poland, and Judith (Jutta) of Swabia/Germany or Kuno, Count of Beichlingen and Kunigunde of Weimar.
Diepold II was a younger son of Diepold I, Count of Cham and his unnamed wife. Liutgarde was a daughter of Berthold II, Duke of Carinthia and his first wife Richwara. Wladislaw I Hermann was the second son of Kazimierz I Karol, Prince of Poland and Judith of Bohemia. Jutta of Germany was a daughter of Heinrich II, Holy Roman Emperor, and his second wife Agnes de Poitou. Kuno was a younger son of Otto of Nordheim and Richenza of Swabia. Kunigunde of Weimar was a daughter of Otto of Weimar, Margrave of Meissen and his wife Adela of Louvain.
Since Adelheid's first consort Emperor Friedrich I was a great-grandson of Jutta of Germany's brother, Emperor Heinrich IV, the pair would have been related in the seventh degree, within the prohibited zone for marriage; a daughter of Diepold III's second marriage would not have been within the prohibited degrees. Adelheid was divorced for consanguinity, making it more likely that her mother was Adelajda of Poland.
Diepold I was a son of Ratpoto II, Count of Cham. Ratpoto II was a son of Ratpoto I, Count of Cham. Ratpoto I is known for donating property to the church of Salzurg in 977. His donations were confirmed by a charter of Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor, dated on 7 October 984. He is considered the founder of a local dynasty, the Ratpotonen.
In Eger before 2 March 1147, Adelheid married Frederick of Swabia, son and heir of Frederick II, Duke of Swabia and his wife Judith of Bavaria
One month later, on 6 April, her father-in-law died. Frederick became Frederick III, Duke of Swabia and Adelheid became his Duchess.
Frederick also managed to be elected as the successor of his paternal great-uncle Conrad III of Germany. He was crowned King of Germany on 4 March 1152. Adelheid became his Queen consort. However she remained childless and Frederick petitioned Pope Eugene III for an annulment.
The annulment was granted and confirmed in the city of Konstanz on March 1153. The justification was given on grounds of consanguinity.
No longer a Queen, Adelheid proceeded to marry Dietho of Ravensburg, welfische Ministerialer. Dietho died in 1180 or shortly before. Adelheid survive him and died between 1184–1190.
| Preceded by Gertrude of Sulzbach |
Queen consort of Germany 1152–1153 |
Succeeded by Beatrice I of Burgundy |